impaired immunity
Year 2013: is tuberculosis curable?
Can tuberculosis be cured in the second decade of the 21st century? What is the most common infection today? Is the prevalence of this disease increasing or decreasing? These and other questions for MedPulse are answered by TB doctor Leonid Potapov
– How is a modern Russian most often infected with tuberculosis?
– In the vast majority of cases, tuberculosis infection occurs in childhood. That is why already in the maternity hospital, on the 4-7th day after birth, infants are vaccinated against this disease. It is believed that they provide protection against tuberculosis for about seven years, so re-vaccinations are given to children at 6-7, and then at 14-15 years old.
– Nevertheless, in recent years, there have been more and more tuberculosis patients in our country. How can you explain this? Continue reading
Heart failure: target women
According to experts, only in developed European countries, about 28 million people suffer from heart failure. Every fourth heart failure patient in Russia is under 60 years old. The survival rate of patients with heart failure is significantly lower than in patients after myocardial infarction. And with us it’s mostly women.
Some more statistics: up to 30% of patients with decompensated heart failure die within one year after discharge from the hospital.
According to studies, about 28 million people suffer from heart failure in developed European countries. In Russia, the number of patients with a diagnosed disease is 5.1 million, real indicators are much higher – about 9 million people. If all patients lived on the territory of Moscow, then they would constitute 75% of its inhabitants! At one point in their lives, one in five people is suffering from heart failure. Continue reading
What will tell the most popular analysis.
Urinalysis is one of the most common research methods. From time to time, we all have to take it. And get scared when the doctor suddenly demands to “retake” him. During the study, doctors pay attention to physical characteristics, chemical composition and study the sediment under a microscope. What will the urinalysis tell about?
Of the parameters of the chemical composition, the most important in the general analysis of urine are the content of protein, glucose, nitrites, bilirubin, urobilinogen, ketone bodies, hemoglobin, as well as the determination of pH.
What will tell the most popular analysis. Video. Analysis of urine
Urine Reaction (pH)
For urine, a mild acid reaction is normal, but this figure can range from 4.5-8. A slightly alkaline reaction is normal for people whose diet contains a large amount of greenery, fresh fruit. But more often this picture is observed in patients after profuse vomiting, increased levels of potassium in the blood, hyperparathyroidism, prolonged use of diuretics. A decrease in pH may result from dehydration, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, urolithiasis, or fever. Continue reading
